补充缺失的声音：自闭症青年对执行功能评定量表的自我报告与父母报告以及注意缺陷多动障碍或神经典型发育青年的自我报告的比较

Lauren Kenworthy , Alyssa Verbalis, Julia Bascom, Sharon daVanport, John F Strang, Cara Pugliese, Andrew Freeman, Charlotte Jeppsen, Anna C Armour, Geneva Jost, Kristina Hardy and Gregory L Wallace

Executive functions are related to key outcomes. Studies of autistic youth self-report of other nonsocial traits indicate that their insights into their own functioning and internal experiences provide important information that is not captured by their parents’ report, but youth self-report of executive function has not been researched in autism. We investigate self- and parent-report on the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-2 in 197 autistic youth without intellectual disability, including the magnitude and profile of problems reported across subdomains of executive function. We also compare autistic self-report to that of 114 youth with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and 197 neurotypical youth. We find that autistic youth report significant executive function challenges in comparison to neurotypical youth and a distinctive profile of challenges in comparison to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder youth. Parents and their autistic children diverge regarding the severity of the youth’s executive function difficulties, but both emphasize flexibility problems within their profile of executive function challenges. Intraclass correlation coefficients between parent and youth ratings were moderate to poor in the autistic group, indicating that autistic youth report adds important information beyond that captured by their parents’ report. These data elevate the importance of asking autistic youth directly about their own executive function.

执行功能与关键结果有关。对自闭症青年自我报告的其他非社会特征的研究表明，他们对自身功能和内在经验的洞察提供了父母报告所没有的重要信息，但自闭症青年对执行功能的自我报告尚未得到研究。我们调查了197名没有智力残疾的自闭症青年在《执行功能行为评定量表》中的自我报告和父母报告，包括执行功能子领域报告的问题的严重程度和概况。我们还比较了自闭症青年、114名注意力缺陷多动障碍青年和197名神经典型青年的自我报告。我们发现，与神经典型青年相比，自闭症青年报告了显著的执行功能挑战，与注意力缺陷多动障碍青年相比，自闭症青年的挑战具有独特的特点。父母和他们的自闭症儿童在青年的执行功能困难的严重程度方面存在分歧，但都强调了他们在执行功能挑战概况中的灵活性问题。在自闭症组中，父母和青年的评分之间的内部相关系数为中度至低度，表明自闭症青年的报告增加了父母报告所没有的重要信息。这些数据提高了直接询问自闭症青年自身执行功能的重要性。